Color Theory Explained

When it comes to using colors, you don't need to know anything about color theory to produce good results. In the end, what matters is that you or whoever you are doing the work for is pleased. Understanding color theory, however, is a great tool you can use to expand the way you work with color.

I want to help you form a base of color knowledge and know-how, too. Let's begin with just what I think you need to know about color theory to noticeably up your color game starting today. Then once you understand the basic principles, there is no end to the ways you can observe and experiment with the concepts.

Color Theory Tutorial

Hue Value Chroma Explained

LESSON 1
Learn about hue value chroma - the three fundamental color characteristics - master color theory basics with clear explanations for better color choices.
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Color Temperature

LESSON 4
Learn why colors feel warm or cool and how color temperature affects mood and space—expert guide to warm vs cool colors with practical design tips.
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Color Wheel Tutorial

LESSON 2
The color wheel is an excellent tool for learning to put together harmonious color schemes. Let this tool guide you to create hundreds of color schemes.
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How to Identify Undertones

LESSON 5
Color is dynamic. Every color has a vibrant public persona, but it also has more subtle attributes that the human eye does not immediately see. One of the most effective techniques for alleviating frustration and mastering color, especially when it comes to neutrals, is to understand materials and paint color undertones.
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Creating Color Harmony

LESSON 3
Color temperature describes how "warm" or "cool" a color is. Blue, green, and purple are cool while yellow, orange, and red but there is more to it than that.
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More About Color Theory

Bauhaus Color Theory

Bauhaus color theory gave us an understanding of how to push beyond representational and to consider the emotional weight of our color choices.
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Alfred Hickethier set out to find a way to blend colors more precisely. He came up with the color cube, a model of 1000 individual colors.
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Light Affects Colors

To understand how different types of light affect color you have to know a little about what light is, how it works, and its relationship to color.
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Color A-Z

My COLOR A-Z won’t give you a full range of knowledge but it does give you 26 color ideas from fun and fundamentals to think about. Enjoy!
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Color Expert Kate Smith

My Story: From "No Color Theory!" to "Know Color Theory!"

While I have always loved color, I have not always loved color theory, nor did I see a need for it. As a kid, everyone loved the colors I put together. The compliments continued to pour in through my teen years. By the time I set off for university to study design, I had no interest in color theory.

I remember the first day of my very first design class. I was ready to create something amazing and couldn't wait to get started. Then the instructor arrived, and within the first few minutes, I discover that the Color and Design course was just another name for Color Theory class. My heart sank.

The curriculum required me to study color theory two times each week for 15 weeks plus spend countless hours outside of class, completing the assignments, and this was only the first of four courses. It was not what I had in mind at all.

I missed the first part of the lecture because all I could hear in my head was my voice repeatedly whining, "No color theory!"

Finally, with no other option, I shut off the internal dialogue and reluctantly turned my attention to the instructor. I want to say I was immediately captivated, but I wasn't. It took several more classes, but once we started working on the interaction of colors, I gradually got interested in learning more about color theory.

Color Theory Reconsidered

For many weeks, my classmates and I worked our way through the exercises in the Josef Albers Interaction of Color book. The assignments weren't easy, and most took quite a bit of time to complete. There were many nights when all I could see were dots in front of my eyes from staring at tiny pieces of Color-aid paper for hours on end. But with each activity, I learn more and more about combining colors.

Hue Value Chroma Color Theory Exercise from Josef Albers Interaction of Colors

Kate Smith

I discovered that every color is like a chameleon that changes based on its surroundings. It can trick us because the same color can look different depending on what colors are around it. By the end of my first semester, I understood what Josef Albers meant when he said, "Color class prepares us to be fooled." I had already been deceived by color many times that semester.

Albers goal in developing his teaching method outlined in the Interactions of Color was "to open eyes" to seeing color, and with me, he achieved that goal. He also opened my mind to the benefits of learning color theory. By the time I begin my second semester, I had gone from whining, "No color theory," to enthusiastically saying, "Know color theory!"

I am still fascinated by the magical ability color has to deceive and delight us with each new design. And, with years of professional experience behind me, today I am even more emphatic when I say, "Know color theory!"

I say that, however, with one caveat. When it comes to using colors, you don't need to know anything about color theory to produce good results. In the end, what matters is that you or whoever you are doing the work for is pleased. Understanding color theory is just one more tool you can use to expand the way you look at and think about color.

Now I want to help you form a base of color knowledge and know-how, too. Let's begin with just what I think you need to know about color theory to noticeably up your color game starting today. Then once you understand the basic principles, there is no end to the ways you can observe and experiment with the concepts.

Kate Smith

Talk to Us About Color Theory

Did you learn something new? Is there something else you'd like to know about color theory, creating color harmony or any other aspect of color? Tell us in the comments below.

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